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- BOOKS, Page 74Sins of the Fathers
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- WILLIAM A. HENRY III
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- THE PATRIARCH: THE RISE AND FALL OF THE BINGHAM DYNASTY
- By Susan E. Tifft and Alex S. Jones
- Summit; 574 pages; $24.95
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- They hobnobbed with Roosevelts and Kennedys, counseled
- Adlai Stevenson and Lyndon Johnson, entertained the Duke and
- Duchess of Windsor. At their hereditary mansion they favored
- English butlers and European decor; even the family charades
- grew so elaborate that they were pictured in LIFE magazine. But
- for all this golden splendor, the Binghams of Louisville were
- not precisely household names, unless your household was in
- Kentucky, where they owned the dominant newspapers, the
- Louisville Courier-Journal and Times. The papers built, then
- eroded, a name for excellence; they promoted liberal orthodoxy
- and civic virtue, but had scant national profile. Thus it is a
- touch baffling that the past four years have yielded four books
- linked to the family feud that led to the sale of the dailies
- and reduced to mere wealth the clan's erstwhile power.
-
- The last and best -- certainly by far the most inclusive
- -- comes, fittingly, from Alex Jones, whose reporting about the
- Binghams in the New York Times won a 1987 Pulitzer Prize and
- alerted publishers to the saga's dramatic potential. He and his
- co-author and wife, Susan Tifft, a TIME associate editor, have
- induced virtually all the members of this tortured family to
- expose seemingly every intimate detail, as if in some ritual of
- confession and humiliation to make up for all the years of
- privilege. The reader is exposed to reckless drug use and
- irredeemable boozing, to a daughter's experiments in group sex
- and a now dead son's alleged attempt at an incestuous rape --
- even to summaries of children's grade school report cards and
- prep school fraternizing. No fact, it appears, is too intrusive
- or too repetitive for Tifft and Jones; the point that these
- communications moguls were personally inept at communicating is
- made over and over, as is the matching irony that a pair of
- chilly, detached parents felt lifelong sexual heat for each
- other. Amid all this, however, is a thoughtful group portrait
- wrapped into a cautionary tale about wealth: half the family
- were crushed by the burden of duty, the other half laid waste
- by wantonness.
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- Tifft and Jones root the Binghams in Southern traditions,
- from the mythmaking of genteel poverty to the brute force of
- the Klan, and sidle up to intriguing questions about the
- morality of inheriting vast fortunes and the special duties of
- media owners. But the core story is the mid-1980s sale of all
- Bingham companies for $448 million by Barry Bingham Sr., then
- 79. His son and namesake unsurprisingly felt that an adult
- lifetime of corporate devotion entitled him to the lion's share
- of control. Two wayward sisters, whom Barry Jr. had
- disenfranchised, equally unsurprisingly felt entitled to more
- than a dividend of one-half of 1% a year on the value of their
- holdings. The tragedy was that both sides rejected rational
- compromise because their concern was being judged right -- with
- their father as arbiter, a role he characteristically ducked by
- selling.
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- While confirming many rumors, Tifft and Jones debunk the
- darkest: that Judge Robert Worth Bingham murdered the new wife
- whose bequest enabled him to buy the papers in 1918. They
- suggest that she died of alcoholism or tertiary syphilis
- contracted from a prior spouse. Promised revelations about what
- finally led Barry Sr. to sell prove anticlimactic: senior aides
- were ready to move on, making continued family operation
- unmanageable. What really deserted the Binghams was the faith
- that a family-owned newspaper is more than a mere capital asset.
- The book never proves that Bingham ownership was all that good
- for the employees, or even necessarily for Louisville. But no
- one can miss the wreckage that ensued when the family ceased to
- believe that its ownership was, at the very least, good for the
- Binghams.
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